【質問】 アルナーチャル・プラデーシュ国境紛争について教えてください．

◆経緯

①1913～1914年，チベット政府と英国の間でマクマホン・ライン策定
②1938年，マクマホン・ラインをもとにシムラ協定締結．ただし中国は無効を主張．
③1947年，インド独立
④チベットを侵略して併合した中国，「シムラ協定は無効．チベットは俺のものだからその地域も俺のもの」と主張
⑤1962年，印中紛争勃発し，中国軍は紛争地域を1963年まで占領．
⑥その後も小規模紛争続く（今ここ

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/assam-arunachal-pradesh-border-dispute-explained-mou-8568316/
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/assamarunachal-pradesh-end-border-dispute-all-you-need-to-know-101682000156513.html
https://www.eastmojo.com/assam/2023/04/03/explainer-the-root-of-the-assam-arunachal-border-conflict/

◆近況

20210524 EurAsian Times
https://ux.nu/77xK1
ラダックの後、アルナーチャルは別のインドと中国の国境紛争を引き起こすのだろうか？
インド、中国の国境紛争が続いており、別の衝突の可能性が高いままであるため、インド陸軍幕僚長官は、インドで、そして一部には、高速道路が主要な水力発電プロジェクトを構築する中国人の努力を加速するのに役立つためです。 。

20210601 BBC
https://ux.nu/7ydqQ
中国とインドの衝突：ラダックのスタンドオフから1年経っても変化なし
China-India clashes: No change a year after Ladakh stand-off
Nawang Dorjay spent months on Black Top Mountain in the contested Ladakh border region between India and China, ferrying supplies back and forth for the Indian army. ... A year ago, India and China accused each other of intruding into each other's territory in Ladakh. In fact, most of the ... On its part, Delhi realises that China is a superior military power and one of its largest trading partners. Without ...

20210604 Business - Insider
https://ux.nu/9W6sL
「世界の屋根」での決戦の1年後、インドは海で中国と戦う準備をしている
A year after a showdown on 'the roof of the world,' India is gearing up to take on China at sea
A months-long clash between India and China on their Himalaya border has dramatically increased tensions. ... Two of India's submarines are nuclear-powered: one attack submarine (SSN) on loan from Russia and one Arihant-class ... The Indian navy also hopes to build six Project-75 Alpha-class SSNs and to replace its leased Russian SSN INS Chakra ... China has taken control of a port in Sri Lanka, is building naval facilities in Pakistan, and is pursuing port projects in Myanmar, ...

20210605 The Financial Express
https://ux.nu/7sZWW
ガルワン渓谷でのインドと中国の対立 ? 1年後
India-China Standoff at Galwan Valley ? one year later
It is said China reneged from disengaging from other friction areas but there is no evidence China promised so or these ... new villages inside Bhutan and occupied most of the Doklam Plateau after the India-China standoff was called off in 2017. ... Pakistan is in turmoil but its military power remains intact fully supported by China and growing military alliance with ... of Chinese defence exports after Pakistan in South Asia and Nepal has been drawn well into Beijing's strategic sphere.

210605 TheHill
https://ux.nu/bYpBa
議会は、中国の核の野望を認識すべきであり、U-233 を保護することから始めることができます。ザ・ヒル
Congress should recognize China's nuclear ambitions, and it can start by preserving U-233 | TheHill
Congress should recognize China's nuclear ambitions, and it can start by preserving U-233 ... The 900-pound inventory in Tennessee could potentially serve as a “seed” in thorium reactors to produce power ... While thorium reactors can vprovide electricity, the real impetus for the Chinese project comes from the People's ...

210606 Hindustan Times
https://ux.nu/nqIVr
インドと中国の協議は1年で完了、問題は完全に解決されていない
India, China talks complete a year, issues not fully resolved
11 rounds of military talks have had limited success, the only disengagement has been of front-line troops and weaponry in the Pangong Tso sector in February. READ FULL STORY. By Rahul Singh, Hindustan Times, New Delhi. UPDATED ...

20210614 Navbharat Times
https://ux.nu/lAU64
ガルワンバレーの衝突：中国の専門家は警告します、習近平はインドを恒久的な敵にするべきではありません
Galwan Valley Clash: ???? ???????? ?? ?? ???????, ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???????
India China Conflict: ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????? ( Xi Jinping) ?? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ??????

20210615 The Indian Express
https://ux.nu/6txMH
ガルワンから1年後のインドと中国の関係
India-China relations, a year after Galwan
In June 2020, PLA troops “surprised” India in the Ladakh sector of the contested LoAC (line of actual control) where the Indian Army lost 20 lives, including that of Colonel Santosh Babu in the Galwan valley. In a welcome move, Defence Minister ...

20210617 ThePrint
https://ux.nu/22rH9
インドと中国の関係の将来はどのように見えますか？8人の専門家が話します
What does the future of India-China ties look like? 8 experts speak
While India and China have had several border standoffs since the 1962 India-China War, this was the first time, since 1975, that a face-off ... Revelations on Wuhan labs and brief power shutdowns in Indian cities are indications of bio and cyber warfare. ... China has increased its leverage in the subcontinent ? Sri Lanka and Nepal are examples. ... a long-term process of blanking out and undermining critical voices and of the preference to focus on the more familiar issue of Pakistan.

20210617 The Diplomat
https://ux.nu/mCinZ
ガルワン衝突から1年後のインドと中国
India and China, One Year After the Galwan Clash
The Diplomat's Asia Geopolitics podcast host Ankit Panda (@nktpnd) speaks to Sushant Singh, a senior fellow at the Centre for Policy Research, about India-China relations a year after the June 15, 2020, clash between the People's ...

20210617 The Straits Times
https://ux.nu/wIxls
インドと中国は国境の緊張にもかかわらず強い貿易、アジアニュース＆
India-China trade remains strong in spite of tense border issues
China looks set to remain as India's largest trading partner this year, based on current figures, after overtaking the United States last year. Please subscribe or log in to continue reading the full article. Get unlimited access to all stories at $0.99/ ...

20210702 The Diplomat
https://ux.nu/bqDcP
中国との緊張の衰えがインドの国境に拍車をかける.
Unabating Tension With China Spurs India's Border ...
Nuclear Justice for the Marshall Islands ... India's Defense Minister Rajnath Singh was in the Ladakh region earlier in the week to inaugurate 63 bridges spread across ... undertaken significant restoration of the Karakoram Highway, improving connectivity between China and Pakistan. ... which had been significant delaying factors, have now been made part of the Detailed Project Report (DPR) approval

20210625 Business Line
https://ux.nu/NnoaP
中国はインドとの国境に近いチベットで最初の新幹線を発進
China launches first bullet train in Tibet, close to Indian border
'The train can help move strategic materials in case of an India-China crisis at the border'. China on Friday operationalised its first fully electrified bullet train in the remote Himalayan region of Tibet, connecting the provincial capital Lhasa with ...

20210703 ウォール・ストリート・ジャーナル https://ux.nu/iS32C
中印，国境付近に部隊を大規模移動
【ニューデリー】中国とインドが国境沿いの係争地帯に数万人規模の兵士や先端的な兵器を移動させており，部隊の配備は ... 地下壕（ごう）やトンネルを掘っているほか，小規模の水力発電所や太陽光パネル，移動式キャビン，ヘリポート， ...

20210703 Newsweek
https://ux.nu/GmiH8
緊張が高まる中，中国とインドは数万人の軍隊を国境に移動させる
China and India Move Tens of Thousands of Troops to the Border As Tensions Rise
China and India have been moving tens of thousands troops to their disputed border as military tensions continue to rise since the skirmish between the two nuclear-armed neighbors last June. China's People's Liberation Army has gradually ...
中国とインドは，昨年6月の2つの核武装した隣国間の小競り合い以来，軍事的緊張が高まり続けているため，数万人の軍隊を紛争中の国境に移動させている．中国の人民解放軍は徐々に...

20210703 The Quint
https://ux.nu/NZk0Y
中国とインドは7月の主要な地政学的交差点で対決
China & India Face Off at Key Geopolitical Intersections in the Month of July
China's Expansionism, India's Pacifism, Their Different Economic Destinies. China and India's destinies converged, for a fleeting moment in history, in the late 1940s. The British parliament passed the Indian Independence Act, 1947 ...
中国の膨張主義，インドの平和主義，それらの異なる経済的運命．中国とインドの運命は，1940年代後半に，歴史の中で一瞬の間，収束しました．イギリス議会は1947年のインド独立法を可決しました...

2021.08.23 読売新聞オンライン
https://ux.nu/drM1j
中国、国境地帯の管理強化へ新法案…「中国側」に監視設備・ドローン禁止
【北京＝比嘉清太】中国の 習近平 （ シージンピン ） 政権は、陸上の国境地帯の管理強化に向けて「陸地国境法」を制定する。全国人民代表大会（全人代＝国会）が２０ ...

2022.09.12 Yahoo!ニュース
https://ux.nu/8yI79
印中国境現地報告 高まる緊張関係と日本にできること ...
その後，両軍は大規模に展開を続け，緊張は高まったままだ．21年2月には，両国の合意が成立し，侵入したラダクの一部，パンゴン湖から中国軍が少し後退した．後退した部隊...

◆◆2022.12.9の印中軍殴り合い