スタンフォード監獄実験の看守役は、実験者から「演技指導」をされていたことを示す証拠（音声テープ）があった。実験結果は「自動的な」役割没入ではなく「外部からの強制的な」役割没入の為である可能性

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

Today I had a chance to listen to the taped recording between the Warden and Prison Guard at the Stanford Prison Experiment. That conversation spawned this fantastic blog about experiment, but it also revealed much more that wasn’t in the blog medium.com/s/trustissues/… 1/n

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

This was part of a brillian talk by @alexanderhaslam - scientist, scholar, and historian. He failed to replicate the Stanford Prison Experiment years ago and has been digging around ever since trying to understand why his team found such strikingly different results. 2/n pic.twitter.com/TibRUUJkV5

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

The Stanford Prison Experience—as it is presented in textbooks—presents human nature as naturally conforming to oppressive systems. This is a lesson that extends well beyond prison systems and the field criminology—but it’s wrong. 3/n pic.twitter.com/jR0AAC9Fgz

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

Alex and his colleagues (especially Steve Reicher) have been arguing for years that conformity often emerges when leaders cultivate a sense of shared identity. This is an active, engaged process—very different from automatic and mindless conformity. 4/n pic.twitter.com/OQ2yXMyYQw

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

Alex has spent countless hours going through the archives of Milgram (at Yale) and Zimbardo (Stanford) to find out exactly what they did to see if this was mindless conformity or identity leadership. The new tape released from Stanford was the missing piece of this puzzle. 5/n pic.twitter.com/GBYDTQOWPZ

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

We listen to the tape today and it was shocking—going well beyond what was already in the shocking blog. The audio tape included the Warden telling a reluctant guard exactly how to act! This was unlike anything I’ve ever heard of in a psychology experiment. 6/n pic.twitter.com/T7SxyePl7G

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

The warden not only told the guard how to act—telling him to act like a brutal prisoner guard—but did so despite the nonstop objections from the guard. The guard said his role was randomly assigned, the stereotype of violent police was wrong, and he had been in 20 studies. 7/n

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

Yet the Warden persisted—through the lens of identity. He used collective pronouns 57 times in one conversation. This is once per 30 words—more than twice the rate of successful politicians! He appealed to shared goals of prison reform, scientific goals, etc. 8/n pic.twitter.com/Uym8l2fDS4

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

This tape makes tree things clear: -Zimbardo’s claim of mindless role conformity *did not* happen -the experimenters leaned heavily on identity appeals -they attempted identity leadership to elicit brutality from the guards 9/n pic.twitter.com/OpnpCEvB45

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

The bottom line is that conformity isn’t natural, blind or inevitable. Zimbardo was not only deeply wrong about this—but his public comments misled millions of people into accepting this false narrative about the Stanford Prison Experiment. 10/n pic.twitter.com/RHYq3DX5kn

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

Alex called these classic studies a “Trojan Horse”—laying a theoretical trap for our field. But he says we shouldn’t simply ignore them, or erase them from history, but critically interrogate them to extract insights and a richer, more nuanced understanding. 11/n pic.twitter.com/yPCZqdtLWR

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Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

When I teach Intro to Psychology, I tell my students about scientific false ends like Phrenology. The goal is to show them the path of discovery, and prepare them to engage with ill-gotten ideas they are likely to encounter. The SPE is bound to be one of those ideas. 12/12 pic.twitter.com/Fr7luMci9f

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Nate Kornell @natekornell

@jayvanbavel Is the audio publicly available? I want to hear it too

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

@natekornell Yes, I believe it’s public. We can ask @alexanderhaslam for the link

Nicole McNeil @NicoleMMcNeil

@jayvanbavel @BrianNosek We shouldn’t be leading students to lump Milgram’s experiment in with Zimbardo’s, should we? There were certainly ethical problems with Milgram’s study, too, but his basic finding has been replicated multiple times.

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

なんと。スタンフォード監獄実験の看守役は、実験者から「演技指導」をされていたことを示す証拠（音声テープ）があったとか。あの実験結果は「自動的な」役割没入ではなく「外部からの強制的な」役割没入の為である可能性 twitter.com/jayvanbavel/st…

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

@NicoleMMcNeil @BrianNosek Milgram’s work was far stronger scientifically, but some similar conclusions can be drawn from how they elicited behavior.

Tom Carpenter @tcarpenter216

@jayvanbavel @natekornell @alexanderhaslam Would love to assign this recording in my class. Please do provide the link if it’s available.

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

@jayvanbavel Thank you for your interesting information about the SPE. I'd like to share this with Japanese people who have an interest in social psychology. Do you mind if I translate your tweets into Japanese, and tweet them from my account with referencial links to your original tweets?

Jay Van Bavel, PhD @jayvanbavel

@Tatsunori_Ishii Go for it

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

@jayvanbavel Thank you!

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

元ツイートをしたJay Van Bavel@jayvanbavelの許可を得て、彼の一連のツイートを翻訳してお送りします。読みやすいように表現を変えますが、大きく間違っていたら教えて下さい。 元ツイート・スレッドへのリンク：bit.ly/2Mm2c 次のツイートから始めます。 0/12 twitter.com/Tatsunori_Ishi…

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

今日私（@jayvanbavel）は、スタンフォード監獄実験（SPE）における刑務所長役（注 Zimbardo氏のアシスタント）と看守役の間で交わされた会話の録音を聞く機会を得ました。 その会話記録からブログ（bit.ly/2LvG7x1）が書かれていますが、そこに書かれていないこともありました。 1/12

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

これは科学者、教授、そして歴史家であるAlex Haslam氏（@alexanderhaslam）の素晴らしいトークの一部です。 彼は何年も前にスタンフォード監獄実験の結果の再現に失敗し、それ以来、なぜ彼のチームが（元実験の結果と）明らかに異なる結果を得ることになったのかについて研究を続けています。 2/12

novemberrain1108 @Tatsunori_Ishii

スタンフォード監獄実験は、教科書でも書かれているように、私たち人間が暴虐的な制度へも自然に同調してしまう、そうした性質を持つことをまざまざと示しています。 こうした教訓は、刑務所制度や犯罪学の分野を超えて影響力を持つものでしたがが、しかしそれは間違っていたのです。 3/12