【質問】 カイオ・ドゥイリオ Caio Duilio 級戦艦とは？
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KCin_Tokorozawa
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◆概要
イタリア海軍が1915～1916年にかけて竣工させたド級戦艦で，
カイオ・ドゥイリオ
アンドレア・ドーリア Andrea Doria
の2隻．
オーストリア＝ハンガリー海軍のテゲトフ級弩級戦艦4隻に対抗する目的で建造．
前級カブール級を改善した設計となり，30.5cm三連装砲x3，同連装砲x2を登載した．
第一次大戦中，そのオーストリア＝ハンガリーは現存艦隊主義ドクトリンにより不活発だったため，両艦は船団護衛やオトラント海峡封鎖任務で終わる．
戦後の1925年，カイオ・ドゥイリオはラ・スペツィア湾停泊中，3番主砲塔内で爆発事故発生．
1932年，代艦建造を予定して，2隻とも予備艦となった．
だがフランス海軍とのダンケルク級戦艦建造に対し，イタリア海軍のヴィットリオ・ヴェネト級戦艦建造が間に合わないことが確実視されたため，イタリア海軍は練習艦任務にあったコンテ・ディ・カブール級戦艦に徹底的な近代化改装を行って間に合わせることになり，カイオ・ドゥイリオ級2隻は練習艦として現役復帰．
続いてフランス海軍がリシュリュー級を建造開始したため，イタリア海軍はこの2隻も近代化大改装して間に合わせることにした．
主砲を三連装砲x2，連装砲x2に減じる代わり，砲身をボーリングして32cm砲に大口径化．
1940年7月15日，カイオ・ドゥイリオ再就役．
同年10月20日，アンドレア・ドーリアも再就役した．
第二次世界大戦では，2隻は地中海方面で英軍補給路の妨害作戦や枢軸軍の船団護衛に従事．
その間，英国艦隊によるタラント空襲により，カイオ・ドゥイリオが魚雷一発を受け小破．
1941年5月までドック入りとなった．
1942年2月，マルタ島付近で作戦活動したが，同年夏頃よりイタリア海軍の燃料事情が悪化．
2隻はタラント港湾に停泊して練習艦任務に就いた．
1943年，イタリア本土が戦場となると移動砲台として活動．
同年9月，イタリアの降伏を受けてマルタ島へ到着し，連合軍による処理を待った．
1944年6月，イタリア海軍籍に復帰し，シチリア島のアウグスタ港にて練習艦任務に就いた．
第二次大戦後の1947～1949年11月，カイオ・ドゥイリオはイタリア艦隊旗艦となり，次いで同年12月～1951年3月までアンドレア・ドーリアが旗艦任務となった．
1956年9月，老朽化により2隻は除籍．
同年11月，スクラップ処分となった．
【参考ページ】
「イタリア戦艦史」(海人社)
「第2次大戦のイタリア軍艦」(海人社)
https://old-forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/490708-battleship-caio-duilio-class-caio-duilio-1942/
◆ Caio Duilio
Diaz
@RegiaMarina_
🇮🇹Caio Duilio-class battleship イタリア王立海軍最後の弩級戦艦。 the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) between 1912 and 1916. The two ships. #NavalCraft #NC_Dreadnought_And_Battlecruiser_OnlyEvent pic.twitter.com/GtZY0e3c5e
2023-05-20 23:59:46
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The French History Podcast 🇲🇫
@FrenchHist
Italian battleship Caio Duilio, 1910s. Photo taken by an early color camera called 'autochrome' invented by the Lumière brothers. pic.twitter.com/pWnirfWUeT
2021-05-17 08:14:21
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WWII
@WWII9
Italian battleship Caio Duilio, February 5th 1931 pic.twitter.com/Q9vmoJQJuJ
2015-07-16 11:06:55
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Old Warships
@yulenbilbao
Italian battleship Caio Duilio pic.twitter.com/aC2JwRBTZe
2022-10-18 18:23:24
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Navy General Board
@thegeneralboard
The Italian battleship Caio Duilio steaming in heavy seas. Based on her paint, this photo was likely taken after World War II. Following the Second World War, Caio Duilio continued to serve in the Marina Militare until 1953. #Italy #ItalianNavy #MondayMotivation #mondaythoughts pic.twitter.com/8ABIed7e6W
2020-03-30 20:38:56
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Italian Military Archives
@ITM_archives
Battleship Caio Duilio in late spring 1941, back in action after the damage suffered at Taranto in November 1940. The ship has adopted the new experimental camouflage scheme. #regiamarina #WW2 pic.twitter.com/cR6D5GtPCG
2021-06-22 17:35:43
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Dr Phil Weir
@navalhistorian
Remarkably, in one dry dock lay the Italian battleship Caio Duilio, under repair after being torpedoed at Taranto pic.twitter.com/9EgiuosqqM
2015-02-10 08:26:26
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DEADLY FUN
@deadlyfun
Uploading a warship picture everyday #37 italian battleship caio duilio #Trending #funny pic.twitter.com/KocYZ7CKWk
2017-03-04 12:42:14
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Michele Florio
@MikiAV8BHarrier
Battleships BB Andrea Doria (1916-1956) 📷 Naval Arsenal of Taranto 1954 @ItalianNavy pic.twitter.com/NzQSy7ocxI
2023-06-16 00:41:17
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◆ Andrea Doria
TOYLAND HOBBY MODELI
@toylandhobbymod
Snowman Models 1/700 SR-7020 Italian Battleship Andrea Doria 1941 Release Date:2021-12-14 pic.twitter.com/bZz15x4HFL
2021-11-07 21:06:32
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Warship Drama
@DramaWarship
Date: Fall 1925. Location: The Ligurian Sea off La Spezia, Italy. Event: Italian battleship Andrea Doria conducts gunnery exercises following her 4-month long refit. 5 of her 13 305 mm/46 Model 1909 guns are firing now. Current status: Scrapped in 1960-62, lifespan of 50 years. pic.twitter.com/0EXeymxa9u
2022-12-16 01:31:49
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Warship Drama
@DramaWarship
Date: Fall 1937. Location: 45°38'04" N, 13°46'22" E. Event: Italian battleship Andrea Doria is pictured here on an early stage of her 43-month long reconstruction at the Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico shipyard. Current status: Scrapped in 1960-62, lifespan of 50 years. pic.twitter.com/HU1vQNIxUV
2023-01-23 05:04:51
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Old Warships
@yulenbilbao
Italian battleship Andrea Doria in 1940 pic.twitter.com/iBCf0qWoQK
2023-04-16 18:21:40
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Warship Drama
@DramaWarship
Date: December 16, 1941. Location: The Ionian Sea off Kefalonia, Greece. Event: Italian battleship Littorio with IMAM Ro.43 floatplane aboard provides distant cover for Convoy M42 the day before the First Battle of Sirte. Note battleships Andrea Doria and Giulio Cesare astern. pic.twitter.com/0bZ8pakBDg
2022-11-04 23:42:27
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Warship Drama
@DramaWarship
Date: December 17, 1941. Location: Ionian Sea, 100 nmi west of Navarino. Event: Battleship Andrea Doria is one of 30 Italian warships escorting convoy M.42 of just 4 cargo ships from Taranto to Tripoli. The operation will unfold into the 1st Battle of Sirte several hours later. pic.twitter.com/uiktvrJA0i
2022-03-09 06:55:32
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Italian Military Archives
@ITM_archives
Battleship Andrea Doria at anchor, with the camouflage scheme received in April 1942. From that year, these rebuilt ww1 battleships were removed from frontline service and saw almost no action till the end of the conflict. pic.twitter.com/lGkmV7Niti
2021-05-05 16:23:15
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Old Warships
@yulenbilbao
Italian battleship Andrea Doria pic.twitter.com/tseyNmdhza
2022-11-06 20:05:55
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Ammiraglio Nerd
@CiarliniKoerner
Sharp picture of the battleship Duilio in drydock at Taranto in 1947. Despite being useless as combat ships, her and her sister ship Andrea Doria proved useful still for the #MarinaMilitare immediately after #WW2, to train the first generation of officers and men afterwards. pic.twitter.com/qWJuE3iotG
2023-01-15 06:36:52
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Warship Drama
@DramaWarship
Date: Fall 1951. Location: The Gulf of La Spezia, Italy. Event: Flagship of the Italian Navy, battleship Andrea Doria is pictured here soon after she celebrated 35 years of her service. Current status: Scrapped in 1960-62, lifespan of 50 years. pic.twitter.com/3ZNTDSgGv6
2023-06-15 04:27:17
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Italian Military Archives
@ITM_archives
Battleship Andrea Doria in drydock in 1954. Doria and Duilio were the only battleships that served in the postwar Italian Navy (Marina Militare). They were employed as training ships and as command headquarter. In 1956, after 40 years of service, they were both decommissioned pic.twitter.com/aXPPLuBzCS
2022-10-05 18:33:22
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Ammiraglio Nerd
@CiarliniKoerner
I have to admit, it's a bit tiresome sharing pics of the battleship Andrea Doria, and waiting for the inevitable comments about the liner sunk in 1956. 😕 [This is her during her first machinery trials during her radical reconstruction, in February 1939] #regiamarina pic.twitter.com/qa7gmGNzDc
2022-02-17 01:38:36
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